Temperature regulator



NOV- 5, 1935. J. v. GlEsLER ET AL 2,019,962

TEMPERATURE REGULATOR Filed OGC. 19, 1935 Patented Nov. 5, 1935 PATENTOFFICE TEMPERATURE REGULATOR Jean V. Giesler, Knoxville, Tenn., andWilliam B. Mackintosh, Youngwood, Pa., assignors to The Fulton SylphonCompany, Knoxville, Tenn., a corporation of Delaware Application October19, 1933, Serial No. 694,322

20 Claims. (Cl. 236-36) This invention relates to valves for heatexchangers, and `more particularly to a valve of this character whichnormally operates automatically but which may be manually controlled andadjusted to predetermine the temperature to be maintained.

It has heretofore been proposed, as in the patent to Fitts, No.1,425,189, of August 8, 1922, to provide a radiator valve with a hotmotor vessel in heat interchanging relation with the heating fluid andsupplied with a vaporizable liquid from a container of adjustablecapacity mounted on the valve housing, constituting a unitary structuretherewith. In devices of the type just characterized as heretoforeproposed an effort has been made to completely insulate the containerfor the vaporizable liquid from the heat of the radiator, so that onlythe convection currentsy in the air, which as pointed out in said patentare generally of a lower temperature than that de' sired to bemaintained, will influence said container, it being recognized thattemperature regulation so aiiorded is not close, but may varywithinconsiderable limits.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a device of the typejust referred to wherein the container for vaporizable liquid is notcompletely insulated from the heat of the heating medium, but the heatof the heating medium is utilized to maintain said container at atemperature which is close to the boiling point of the contained liquid,to the end that a closer regulation may be effected by reason of theincreased sensitivity of response at said container, and thereby asubstantially straight line temperature regulation may be obtained.

Another object of this invention is to provide -fatemperature regulatorfor heat exchangers that is highly sensitive to fluctuations oftemperature of the medium to which it is subjected.

Anotherobject of this invention is to provide a temperature regulatorfor heat exchangers that will maintain a substantially straight linetemperature control notwithstanding variations in the steam pressure.

Another object of this invention is yto provide a temperature regulatorfor a heat exchanger that is automatically conditioned by changes insteam pressure so that the effects of said changes are compensated forand a substantially uniform temperature is maintained.

Another object of this invention is to provide a temperature regulatorfor heat exchangers which takes advantage of the fact that a vaporizableliquid has a higher coeiicient of cubial expansion when closer to itsboiling point and wherein the temperature responsive element, althoughsubjected to the air of the room or other compartment the temperature ofwhich is to be controlled, is itself maintained at a temperature atwhich the thermo-sensitive liquid is close to its boiling point.

Another object of this invention is to provide a device of the typecharacterized wherein the container for the expansible and collapsibleliquid is directly subject to convection air currents, so that promptresponse to fluctuations in temperature of the air is not retarded byinterposed bodies of air which have a more or less insulating effect,and wherein the said container is so constructed that the portionthereof exposed directly to the air currents not only affords a directmetallic conduction between the air and the vaporizable liquid containedtherein but said container is of a rigidity of construction thatminimizes the danger of injury thereto from contact with exteriorelements.

Another object of this invention is to provide a device of the typecharacterized with improved adjusting means for varying the volume ofthe container for the vaporizable liquid whereby no unsymmetricalstressvis imposed on said container, particularly with respect to theiiexible g element thereof. Y

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved temperatureregulator for heat exchangers of the type employing a relatively hotvaporizing chamber into which liquid is ejected from a container filledwith said liquid and subjected to the ambient to be controlled whereinsaid hot vessel and container are combined in a unit with the valve tobecontrolled.

. Another object of this invention is to provide a device of the typelast characterized with readily adjustable means for predetermining thetemperature to be maintained by said heat exchanger.

Another object of this invention is to provide a device of the typecharacterized which is composed of parts that are relatively inexpensiveto manufacture and assemble, which is simple in construction andeiiicient in operation, which occupies little more space than thatcommonly occupied by hand operated radiator valves, and which can beeasily manipulated to either effect the closure of the radiator valve orto predetermine the temperature to be maintained in the ambient.

Other objects will .appear as the description of the invention proceeds.5 5

8.010,9 Theinventionileapableofrecei vavarietysealedinanymitablewayasbylolderinmandifofmechaniedexpressionaoneofwhichisshowndesiredatransveraepinllmaybepasaedthroh onthetobeextheloopofsaiddragspringandprojectinterioriy Fig.lisanaxialsectionofaradiatorvalve embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the adjustable container for the vaporisableliquid and its adjusting mechanImremOvedIromitscasingandonasmaller scalethan Fig. l; and

Fig. 8 is adetail view, onasmaller scale, ofl

the means for limiting the movement of the adjusting mechanism.

In the embodiment illustrated, il designates a valve casing of anysuitable size, construction and material. As shown the outlet II isconnected by a conventional tail piece I2 and tail nut I2 to the inletof a radiator I4, while the inlet I l of said casing is connected to asupply pipe I C by a conventional threaded coupling i1. Mounted in apartition I4 within said valve housing Il is a valve seat is' of anysuitable construction, here shown as provided by a threaded thimblereceived in a threaded opening in said partition Il and having a beveledport 20. Said casing I l is provided with a tubular extension 2i, hereshown as in alinement with the inlet I5, but it may obviously bearranged in any other suitable way with respect to the casing, saidextension 2| being exteriorly threaded to receive a ring nut 22 forretaining on said casing the valve operating mechanism next to bedescribed. Bo far the elements referred to may be of any suitableconstruction and it is to be expressly understood that the form andcharacter oi' these elements illustrated on the drawing have beenselected for purposes of exemplincation only.

Cooperating with the valve seat 20 is a valve member 2l of any suitableconstruction and material, here shown as in the form of a ball suitablyattached, as by soldering or brazing, to the end wall 24 of a flexiblemember 25 which may be made of any suitable construction and materialbut preferably takes the form of a readily expansible and collapnbledeeply corrugated tube or bellows of any suitable diameter, number offolds, etc. End wall 24 may be formed integrally with the corrugatedlateral wall of said bellows, or, as shown, it may be formed separatelyfrom said bellows and hermetically sealed to the end corrugation in anysuitable way. The opposite .end of said bellows 25 is attached in anysuitable way, as by brazing or soldering, to a plug 26 which has ahollow tubular extension 2l projecting toward the opposite movable endwall oi said bellows and adapted to cooperate therewith to constitute astop for limiting the extent to which said bellows may be contracted. Inorder to reduce singing and other nois, and also dampen the movement ofsaid valve member, a drag spring 2l is attached to the movable end wall24 in any suitable way and cooperates with the inner wall of saidtubular extension 2l to dampen out irregular movements of the movableend wall 24. As shown, said drag spring is attached to the movable endwall by insertion through apertures formed therein. which apertures maythen be though any other suitableofthemovableendwallintocooperatingrelationshipwithdilmetrillyinlaidhibularextemionlhtheendadlaidpinslidinginaaldalotsllandpreventingrotaiicnal y tofthebellowsandtbevalvememberwithrpecttotheplug.

tubular extension 2i. Said hanged member 2l isretainedontheendofthetubularextensionll byailangedsupporting ring22withwhichcooperstes the inwardly directed ilange of the ring nut 22whereby the ring 22 and ilanged member 8i maybeilxedlyclampedto theendofthetubular extension 2|. f

suitably attached to the ring 32, which oonstitutes a mounting membertherefor, is a housing 32. preferably formed of heat insulating materialsuch as bakelite and having interlorly projecting lugs 24 through whichscrews 2i may be l passed to attach said housing 3l to the ring I2. Ifpreferred, the housing may also be doweled to ring nut 22, as shown atIl. to prevent relative rotation therebetween.

Fixedly mounted within said housing 23 and i projecting through-anaperture 31 therein so that it extends exteriorly of said housing whereit is subjected to convection` currents of air owing thereover, andpreferably at the diametrically opposite side oi' the valve casing Ilfrom the tail i piece i 2, is a container for a volatile liquid. Theextent to which said container projects from the housing I2 may bevaried to produce the desired action, as will appear from the hereindescribed manner and principle of operation. As shown 4 said containeris composed of a tubular exterior member Il having a curved integral endwall and said member may be conveniently formed from drawn sheet metal.Intermediate its ends memberllisprovidedinitslateralwallwithabeads 20.Mounted within said tubular member 38 andlocatedbysaidbeadisailangedringusuitably attached to tubular member 3las by soldering. The inwardly projecting ange 4| of said ring 40 issuitably attached, as by soldering or o1 brazing, to one end of ailexible wall, here shown as a deeply corrugated tubular bellows 42. Atits opposite end said bellows 42 has a movable end wall 42 which may besuitably attached to the bellows or, as shown, be formed integrallythere- 5i with. Interposed between said movable end wall 43 and a springseat 44 of any suitable character and secured within the tubular member3l in any suitable way is a coil spring 4i.

'Ihe chamber 44 provided between said bellows c( 42 and said member llis designed to be filled with a volatile liquid, and to this end aillling tube 41 is shown as projecting through the flange 4I and may besuitably sealed after the charge has been introduced into the chamber46, al- 6i provision for lling said chamber 4I may be provided ifpreferred.

Communicating with tne chamber 48 is a tube 48, here shown as alsoleading through the ilange 4|, and having its opposite endextending 70throughor communicating with a passage 49 formed in the plug 2t, wherebysaid chamber 48 is in communication with the chamber within the tubularextension 21, and therefore with the interior of the bellows 2l. throughsaid tube 4l. 75

Tube 48 is preferably flexible in construction and may be of anysuitable length to facilitate charging and testing of the system. Ashere shown, said tube is materially longer than the distance betweensaid flange 4I and the plug 26, and said tube is formed into a coil asshown at 58 which is located within the chamber 5l provided within thehousing 33 so that said tube is whollyA inside of said housing.

To adjust the si'ze of' chamber 46 a collar 52 is mounted in anysuitable way on a rectilinearly movable rod 53 and engages the movableend wall 43 of the bellows member 42. As shown, said collar 52 may be ofa size to illl the recessed end of said end wall 43, so that there willbe a relatively large area of contact between the two. Rod 53 is mountedfor rectilinear movement in an aperture 54 pro-vided in a flangedtransverse bracket 55 which may be attached at its opposite extremitiesto the inner skirt-like end of the tubular member 38, as by the rivetsshown at 55', said bracket being also provided with a platelikeextension 56 which is clamped to the lug or lugs 34 by the. screws 35,thereby mounting the container 38 in position. If it is desired toprevent direct metallic conduction of heat to said bracket 56 by thescrews 35, washers 35 of insulating material may surround said screwsbetween the heads thereof and the lugs 34. Rotatably mounted in anaperture 51 in said extension 56 of said bracket and held against axialdisplacement therein, is a cam 58. As shown, the cam 58 has a portion ofreduced diameter which projects through the aperture 51 wherein it isretained by a ring key 59. Cam 58 is shown as of the snail type, (seeFig. 2) and has its operating face in engagement with the inner end ofthe-rectilinearly movable rod 53. Said cam also has an axial boreadapted to receive the hub 60 of an operating stem, said hub and borebeing shown as provided with a plurality of coacting fins and grooves sothat said hub may be locked against relative rotation with respect tosaid cam in any one of a plurality of positions. Operating stem 6lextends outwardly through a cover plate 62 which may be secured to thehousing 33 in any suitable way and be of any suitable material, and atits outer end said stem has an enlargement 63 to which is molded orotherwise suitably attached an operating knob or handle 64. Said stem 6lis free to rotate within the aperture 65 of the cover plate 62, but itis preferably locked against axial displacement with respect thereto asby means of a ring key 66.

In order that the rotation of cam 58 may be limited to less than 360, sothat by no possibility can the shoulder 61 on` cam 58 interlock with theend of the rod 53 and cause injury if an effort is made to thereafterreverse the direction of rotation of the cam, a member 68 is mounted onthe stem in any suitable way and has a nose that is adapted to engage alug 69, here shown as projecting inwardly from the cover plate 62. Ifpreferred, said member 68, or a separately provided pointer member, mayact as a visible indicator and be disposed lexteriorly of the cover 1-plate 62, for cooperation with an exteriorly prolugs 34 by the screws 35which also secure the housing 33 to the ring 32. The cam 58 conlstitutes a part of said unit, and is secured in the aperture' 51 by thering key 59 before said unit is introduced into the casing 33. The oper-5 ating stem 6| with its knob 64 and stop member 68 having beenassembled with the cover plate 62, the unit thereby provided may beassembled with the casing 33, the hub 60 interlocking with the aperturein the cam 58 by reason of the plurality of interengaging ribs andgrooves as heretofore explained. Thereupon the cover plate 62 may besecured to the housing member 33 in any suitable way and the unit iscomplete. As the bellows 25 with its attached valve member 15 23 andflange member 3l and the mounting ring 32 may be assembled with thevalve casing IIJ as heretofore explained; the entire device constitutesa unit that is easy to assemble and disassemble and mount in operativeposition, while 20 said unit is composed of simple parts that arerelatively inexpensive to manufacture and that may be readilystandardized and produced in quantity without the use of highly skilledlabor.

In operation, the container 38 for the volatile 25 liquid is subjectedto the air being heated by the radiator I4 and is influenced byvariations in the temperature thereof as reflected in the convectioncurrents flowing over said container. Assuming that the parts are in theposition shown 30 in. Fig. 1 and that the temperature rises, expansionof the liquid in the 'chamber 46 will result in a small portion of saidliquid, whose volume is predetermined by the cubical expansion of theliquid in the chamber as, being forced through so the tube 48 into thechamber within the bellows 25. As said bellows 25 is subjected to thetemperature of the heating. medium, said vessel 25 constitutes a hotchamber wherein the liquid injected thereinto is immediately vaporizedby 40 heat derived from the heating medium. Said vaporized liquid underthe temperature and pressure existing in the bellows 25 causes the motorvessel constituted by said bellows 25 to expand and move the valvemember toward its seat, 45 thereby reducing the flow of heating mediumthrough the port 20. Successive increments of temperature increase areaccompanied by successive and corresponding increments of .liquidinjection into the bellows 25, and the latter there- 50 by is subjectedto a pressure which varies with the changes of temperature vat thecontainer 38 to move the valve member with respect to its seat.

If the temperature at the container 38 decreases there is acorresponding cubical contraction of 55 the liquid within the chamber46, permitting withdrawal of some of said liquid from the tube 48,whereby some of the vapor will flow into the tube from the vbellows 25and condense in said tube, thereby effecting a reduction in the pressure60 in the bellows 25. Bellows 25 will thereupon contract under theinfluence of its inherent resiliency or a spring may be suitablyassociated therewith if preferred, and the valve member will becorrespondingly opened.

As the container 38 is mounted on the valve housing I0, it is in closeadjacency to the radiator and the heating fluid flowing through theinlet I6. Although said container 38 is shielded and somewhat insulatedby the housing member 70 33, its temperature is maintained relativelyhigh as compared with the surrounding air by reason of the manner of itssupport on the parts through which the heating medium is flowing, andthe heat which may be transmitted to the interior of the housing 3lthrough .the aperture 'il in the base thereof. The dimensions of theseparts and openings are so chosen that the container 3l is maintained ata temperature which is close to the boiling point of the liquid withinthe chamber 4I. As the coemcient of cubical expansion of a vaporizableliquid is greater adjacent its boiling temperature than at a lowertemperature. the sensitivity of the device is thereby materiallyincreased because of the fact that the change in volume of the liquidinthe chamber 4l and tube 4l per degree change in temperature is greaterat the temperature at which said container is maintained, with theresult that smaller changes in temperature produce the requisiteinjection of vaporizable liquid into the bellows Il to produce apredetermined movement of the valve member.

Additionally, when steam is used as the heating medium, changes in thepressure of the steam are accompanied by changes in the temperature ofthe steam, and this change in the temperature of the steam is reflectedin the temperature at the container Il. Therefore if the steam pressurerises the vessel J8 is brought closer to the boiling temperature of thecontained liquid and the sensitivity thereof is increased while, at thesame time, the change in temperature at the container Il will result ina corresponding change in the volume of the liquid injected into thebellows 25, thereby changing the position of the' valve member to modifythe flow of steam in conformity with the change in its heating effects.A corresponding decrease in the pressure of the steam will result in adecrease of temperature at the container n and produce the oppositeeffect both as to the sensitivity and the actuation of the valve member.

The movable end wall 43 of the.bellows 42 is normally maintained againstthe collar 52 by the `coil spring 45 and the cubical expansion andcontraction of the liquid has no effect upon the volume within saidchamber. Ifit is desired to increase the temperature at which the valveis closed knob Il is rotated in such a direction as to move the cam 5lso that the portion thereof opposite the rod 5I is radially nearer theaxis of the cam. Spring Il will thereupon move the movable end wall uand rod 53 to the right, as viewed in Fig. 2, within the limitspermitted by `the cam Ii, and the volume of the chamber Il will becorrespondingly increased. Therefore a `greater' cubical expansion ofthe liquid in said chamber will be required before liquid is injectedinto the motor vessel 2l. Conversely. if it is desired that the valve beclosed at a lower temperature, the cam is rotated in the oppositedirection so as to move the rod 53 to the left as viewedin Fig. l, whichwill decrease the volume of the chamber 40, against the tension of thespring Il. and a smaller cubical expansion of the liquid in said chamberwill eect an injection into chamber Il and the actuation of the valve.By preference the highest point of the cam is so selected that whenbrought into engagement with the rod Il the volume of the chamber 4I isso decreased that the motor vessel is supplied with vapor and the valvemaintained closed at the lowest temperature which would ever bemaintained in the room.

It will therefore be perceived that a device has been provided wherein atemperature regulator for a heat exchanger is mounted in unitaryrelationship with the valve to be controlled, and constitutcs therewitha relatively compact and simple unit that takes up little additionalspace over that occupied by the usual hand operated valve. At the sametime theregulator is sensitively responsive-to changes in temperature of'the air and the device thus provided will accurately and sensitivelyproportion the now of heating medium s to maintain a predeterminedtemperature in the room or other space being heated. It will also beperceived that in conformity with the present invention` advantage istaken of the increased coefficient of expansion and contraction' of l0vaporirable -liquids at temperatures just below their boiling points, sothat the sensitivity of the device is increased by the resulting actionof the thermo-sensitive liquid. Furthermore the present inventionprovides for changes in the preal5 sure of the heating mediumcompensating for the corresponding changes in temperature byconditioning or operating the .valve mechanism so as to maintain the.predetermined temperature. Thereby a substantially straight linetemperature 20 control is maintained irrespective of fluctuations in thepressure of the heating medium.'

- While the embodiment of the invention illustrated onV the drawing has'been described with considerable particularity. it is to be expressly 25understood that the invention is not restricted thereto, as the same maytake a-variety of mechanical expressions, as will now be apparent tothose skilled in the art, while changes may be made in the details ofconstruction, arrangement 3 and proportion of parts, certain featuresmay be used without other features, other forms of container for thevaporizable liquid may be used, other forms of motor vessel may beemployed, other characters of cam and operating mecha- 35 nism may beutilized for varying the volume of the chamber 46, etc., withoutdeparting from the spirit of this invention. Reference is therefore tobe had to the appended claims for a dennition of this invention. 0

What is claimed is: 1. In a temperature regulator for heat exchangers,in combination with s valve casing containing a valve member forcontrolling the flow of a heating medium, an expansible and colalapsible motor vessel operatively connected to said valve member andsubjected to the heat of said medium whereby it constitutes a vaporizingchamber for a vaporizable liquid, a housing mounted on said valvecasing, and having the in- 5 terior thereof heated from said valvecasing, and a container for said vaporizable liquid communicating withsaid vessel and mounted on said housing, said container including arelatively rigid exterior wall projecting exteriorly of said u housinginto the air currents flowing past said casing and providing directmetallic conduction wen said air currents and liquid contained re n. ama temperance resulstor .for neat exchangers, in combinationv with avalve casing containing a valve member for controlling the flow of aheating medium, an expansible and collapsible motor vessel operativelyconnected to said w valve member and subjected to the heat of saidmedium whereby it constitutes a vaporizing chamber for a vaporizableliquid, a container for said vaporizable -liquid communicating with saidvessel, said container including a relatively rigid 70 outer wallprojectng into the convection air currents flowing past said casing, anda housing for said container providing a mounting therefor and in suchheat interchanging relation with the medium within said casing that saidcontainer u is maintained at a temperature near the boiling point o! thecontained liquid.

3. In a temperature'regulator for heat exchangers, in combination with avalve casing containing a valve member for controlling the flow of aheating medium, an expansible and collapsible Amotor vessel operativelyconnected to said valve member and subjected to the heat of said mediumwhereby it constitutes a vaporizing chamber for a vaporlzable liquid, acontainer for said lvaporlzable liquid communicating with said vessel,said container including a relatively rigid outer wall projecting intothe convection air currents flowing past said casing, and a housing forsaid container provided with an aperture through which said containerprojects into the air currents and a second aperture through which heatfrom said casing is conveyed to said container whereby said container ismaintained at a temperature that is near to the boiling point of saidliquid.

taining a valve member for controlling the iiow f of a heating medium,an expansible and collapsible motor vessel operatively connected to saidvalve member and subjected to the heat of' said medium whereby itconstitutes a vaporizing chamber for a vaporlzable liquid, a containerfor said vaporlzable liquid communicating with said vessel, a housingfor said container so constructed that said container is heated by themedium in said valve casing, said container including a relatively rigidexterior wall projecting into the path of the air currents iiowing pastsaid casing and an interior expansible and collapsible wall for varyingthe volume of said container, and means cooperating with said last namedwall for expanding and contracting the same.

5. In a temperature regulator for heat exchangers, in combination with avalve casing containing a valve member for controlling the iiow of aheating medium, an expansible and collapsible motor vessel operativelyconnected to said valve member and subjected to the heat of said mediumwhereby it constitutes a vaporizing chamber for a vaporlzable liquid, acontainer for said vaporizable liquid communicating with said vessel, ahousing for said container in heat interchanging relation with saidvalve casing whereby said container is heated from the medium in saidvalve casing to a temperature near the boiling point of said liquid,said container including a relatively rigid exterior wall projectinginto the path of the air currents flowing past said casing and aninterior expans'ible and collapsible wall for varying the volume of saidcontainer, and means cooperating with said last named wall for expandingand contracting the same and including a rectilinearly movable thrustelement cooperating with said expansible and collapsible wall, resilientmeans maintaining said wall and thrust element in cooperativerelationship, and means varying the position of said thrust element.

6. In a temperature regulator .for heat exchangers, in combination witha valve casing containing a valve member for controlling the flow of aheating medium, an expansible and co1.. lapsible motor vesseloperatively connected to said valve member and subjected to the heat ofsaid medium whereby it constitutes a vaporizing chamber for avaporlzable liquid, a container for said vaporlzablel liquidcommunicating with said vessel, a housing for said container in whichsaid container is mounted in heat interchanging relation with said valvecasing, said container including a relatively rigid exterior wallprojecting into the pathof the air currents flowing past said casing anda bellows disposed interiorly and 5 coaxially of said container andexpansible and collapsible to vary the volume thereof, and means forexpanding and collapsing said bellows.

7. In a temperature regulator for heat exchangers, in combination with avalve casing containing a valve member for controlling the iiow of aheating medium, an expansible and collapsible motor vessel operativelyconnected to said valve member and subjected to the heat of said mediumwhereby it constitutes a vaporizing chamber for a vaporizable liquid, acontainer for said vaporlzable liquid communicating with said vessel,said container including a relatively rigid exterior wall projectinginto the path of the air bellows disposed interiorly and coaxially ofsaid ,A containerand expansible and collapsible to vary the volumethereof, and means for expanding and collapsing said bellows including athrust member cooperating with the movable end wall of said bellows,resilient means normally maintaining said wall and thrust member incooperative relationship, and a rotatable cam for varying the positionof said thrust member.

8. In a temperature regulator for heat exchangers, in combination with avalve casing containing a valve member for controlling the flow of aheating medium, an expansible and collapsible motor vessel operativelyconnected to said valve member and subjected to the heat of said mediumwhereby it constitutes a vaporizing chamber for a vaporizable liquid, acontainer for said vaporlzable liquid communicating with said vessel andmounted in unitary relationship with said valve casing, said containerincluding a relatively rigid exterior wall and a flexible reentrantmember providing a chamber for said liquid therebetween, and means forexing said member to vary the volume of said container including athrust element. a cam for operating the same, and a manually operablestem for rotating said cam, said cam and stem having provision forinterlocking engagement in a plurality of angularly related positions.

9. In a temperature regulator for heat exchangers, in combination with avalve casing containing a valve member for controlling the flow of aheating medium, an expansible and collapsible vmotor vessel operativelyconnected to said valve member and subjected to the heat of said mediumwhereby it constitutes a vaporizing chamber for a vaporlzable liquid, acontainer for said vaporlzable liquid communicating with said vessel,said container including a relatively rigid exterior wall projectinginto the path of the convection air currents flowing over said casing,and a housing for supporting said container and having a lateral openingthrough which said container projects into said air currents, saidhousing having means for supporting the same 05 in unitary relationshipwith said valve casing v and having in its base a relatively largeopening lapsible motor vessel operatively connected to said valve'member and subjected to the heat of said medium whereby it constitutes avaporizing chamber for a vaporizable liquid, a container for saidvaporirablelliquid communicating with said vessel, said containerprojecting into the path of air currents ilowing over said casing, and ahousing for said container having an aperture through which saidcontainer projects into the 10 air currents and a second aperturethrough which heat is transmitted to said container from the interior ofsaid casing whereby said container has .a temperature that varies withthe temperature of the heating medium.

1s 11. In a temperature regulator for heat exchangers, in combinationwith a valve casing containing a valve member, an expansible andcollapsible motor vessel operatively connected to said valve member,said vessel being subjected to n the heating medium and constituting avaporizing chamber for a vaporizable liquid, a housing mounted on saidvalve casing and having a lateral opening in a wall thereof, a containerfor a vaporizable liquid having a relatively rigid exterior wallprojecting through said aperture into the path of the air currentsflowing past said casing, a conduit connecting said container and saidvessel, and means whereby: said container is heated from said valvecasing.

12. In a temperature regulator for heat exchangers, in combination witha valve casing containing a valve member, an expansible and collapsiblemotor vessel operatively connected to said valve member, said vesselbeing subjected 85 to the heating medium and constituting a vaporixlngchamber for a vaporizable liquid, a housing mounted on said casing andhaving an opening in a lateral wall thereof, a containerfor avaporiaable liquid communicating with said vessel and do having arelatively rigid exterior wall, and means in said housing for supportingsaid container in ya position projecting through said aperture to theexterior of said housing and into the path of the air currents flowingpast said casing whereby said container is in heat interchangingrelation with air currents exteriorly of said housing.

. 13. In a self-contained temperature regulating unit for radiators, incombination with a valve casing containing a valve member, an expansibleand collapsible motor vessel operatively connected to said valve memberat one end and detachably -secured to said casing at its opposite end,said vessel being subjected to the heating medium and constituting avaporizing chamber for a vaperizable liquid, a housing mounted on saideasing and having an opening in the lateral wall thereof, a containerfor vaporizable liquid projecting through said aperture into the path ofthe air currents flowing over said casing, a con- 00 duit incommunication with said vessel and container, and means for varying thecubical content of said container including a bellows-like wallprojecting into said container and defining the inner limits thereof,and means for expanding I6 and contracting said bellows-like wallmember.

14. In a self-contained temperature regulating unit for radiators, incombination with a valve casing containing a valve member, an expansibleand collapsible motor vessel operatively connected to said valve memberat one end and detachably secured to said-casing at its opposite end,

\ said vessel being subjected to the heating medium and constituting avaporizing chamber for a vaporizable liquid, a housing mounted on saidcasing and having an opening in the lateral wall thereof, a containerfor vaporizable liquid projecting through said aperture into the path ofthe air currents nowing over said casing, a conduit in communicationwith said vemel and container, and means for varying the cubical tcontent oi' said container including a bellows-like wall projecting intosaid container and deilning the inner limits thereof, means forexpanding and contracting said bellows-like wall comprising a thrustmember and a rotatable cam, a stem 1( rotatably mounted in said housing,and an opverating knob on said stem.

y 15. In a self-contained temperature regulating unit for radiators. incombination with a valve casing containing a valve member, an expansibleu and collapsible motor vessel operatively connected to said valvemember at one end and detachably secured to said casing at its oppositeend, said vessel being subjected to the heating medium and constitutinga vaporizing chamber nu for a vaporizable liquid, a base ring detachablysecured to said casing, a housing detachably connected to said basering, and a container for a vaporizable liquid mounted in said housingvand communicating with said vessel, said container 8l including a rigidexterior wall projecting through an opening in said housing into thepath of the air currents flowing over said casing.

16. In a self-contained temperature regulating unit for radiators, incombination with a valve casing containing a valve member, an expansibleand collapsible motor vessel operatively connected to said valve memberat one end and detachably secured to said casing at its opposite end,said vessel being subjected to the heating medium and constituting avaporizing chamber for a vaporizable liquid, a base ring mounted on saidcasing, a housing detachably connected to said base ring, a bracketwithin said housing,

a container for a vaporizable liquid mounted on 40 said bracket andcommunicating with said vessel, said container including a rigidexterior wall projecting through an opening in said housing into thepath of the air currents flowing over said casing and a flexibleinterior wall, and means for 4,5 varying the position of said exibleinterior wall to adjust the volume of said container, said last namedmeam including a member operatively connected to said flexible interiorwall and a rotatable member for operating the same. 50

17. In a self-contained temperature regulating unit for radiators, incombination with a valve casing containing a valve member, an expansibleand collapsible motor vessel operatively connected to said valve memberat one end and detach- 55 ably secured to said casing at its oppositeend, said vessel being subjected to the heating medium and constitutingavaporizing chamber for a vaporizable liquid, said motor vessel havingattached to the opposite ends thereof a tubular 00 member and a dragspring cooperating therewith to dampen the relative movements thereof, ahousing mounted on said casing, and a container for a vaporizable liquidmounted in said housing and projecting through an opening thereof intothe 06 path of the air currents flowing over said casing, said containeradapted to be iilled with a vaporizable liquid and having means ofcommunication with the interior of said vessel.

18. In a self-contained temperature regulating 7o unit for radiators, incombination with a valve casing containing a valve member, an expansibleand collapsible motor vessel operatively connected to said valve memberat one end and detachably secured to said casing at its opposite u end,said vessel being subjected to the heating medium and constituting avaporlzing chamber for a vaporizable liquid, a housing mounted on saidcasing, and a container for a vaporizable liquid mounted in said housingand projecting through an opening thereof into the path of the aircurrents flowing over said casing, said coin tainer adapted to be filledwith a vaporizable liquid and having means of communication with theinterior of said vessel, and said housing having means for transmittingheat from said casing to the interior of said housing to heat saidcontainer.

19. In a self-contained temperature regulating unit for radiators, incombination with a valve casing containing a valve member, an expansibleand collapsible motor vessel operatively connected to said valve memberat one end and detachably secured to said casing at its opposite end,said vsel being subjected to the heating medium and constituting avaporizing chamber for a vaporizable liquid, a housing' mounted on saidcasing, a

.container for a vaporizable liquid mounted in said housing andprojecting through an opening thereof into the path of the air currentsiiowing over said casing, said container adapted to be iilled with avaporizable liquid and having means of communication with the interiorof said vessel, and means for varying the volume of said container, saidhousing having means for transmitting heat from said casing to theinterior of said housing to heat said container.

20. In a self-contained temperature regulatlng unit for radiators, incombination with a VKvalve casing containing a valve member, anexpansible and collapsible bellows vessel having one end operativelyconnected to said valve member,

porting ring to the end of said casing, a housing 10 attached to saidsupporting ring, a container for a vaporizable liquid projecting throughan opening to the exterior of said housing and having a relatively rigidexterior wall and a relatively exible interior wall, means ofcommunication l5 between said container and said motor vesself and meansmounted within" said housing and operable from the exterior thereof forflexing said interior wall and varying the volume of said container,said means including a thrust element cooperating with said iiexiblewall, resilient means for maintaining said ilexible wall in cooperativerelationship with said thrust element,

a rotatable cam coacting with said thrust ele- WILLIAM B. MACKINTOSH.

